1. Depending on the scale at which you are viewing a map, the map features may appear different. For instance, if you are viewing a map of the United States at a small scale (ex.1 : 2,000,000), then cities may appear as tiny dots on the map. However, if you were to zoom in on a particular city at a large scale (ex. 1:200,000) then the city’s symbol may appear as a large polygon.
2. One way to change the layers symbol colors is by right-clicking the symbol for the layer to open the color palette and changing the color using the color palette. Another way is to right-click the layer and select properties in the drop-down menu. Then click the symbology tab in the layer properties dialog box. Next click the symbol box and change the color there.
3. To access graduated symbols open the layer properties dialog box for a specific layer. Then click the symbology tab and in the show box click quantities.
4. Five other symbology styles include: caves, civic, crime analysis, dimension, and environmental.
5. You would save the layer as a layer file. This allows you to add the layer file to any other map because it references the shapefile.
6. Pyramids help raster data display faster by varying the resolution of the raster dataset depending on the scale that the map is being viewed at. As you zoom in finer resolutions are used and as you zoom out courser resolutions are used. This improves the drawing speed of the raster layers as you zoom in or out.
7. You can click on the layer name in the table of contents and change the name that way.
8. Normalization is an operation by which you divide one attribute by another to find the ratio between them. It is used to calculate density and other measures that are expressed per unit (ex. Per capita income).
9. Dot density maps can be misleading because the dots on the map may lead a person interpreting the map to think that the dots are georeferenced. However, the dots are placed randomly on a map and are not georeferenced.
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